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Chemosensory deficits are best predictor of serologic response among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Overdevest, Jonathan B; Irace, Alexandria L; Mazzanti, Valeria; Oh, Eun Jeong; Joseph, Paule V; Devanand, Davangere P; Bitan, Zachary C; Hod, Eldad A; Gudis, David A; Chiuzan, Codruta.
  • Overdevest JB; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Irace AL; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Mazzanti V; Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Oh EJ; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
  • Joseph PV; National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism & National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
  • Devanand DP; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Bitan ZC; Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Hod EA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Gudis DA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America.
  • Chiuzan C; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America.
PLoS One ; 17(12): e0274611, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2162548
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

Smell and taste alteration are closely linked to infection with SARS-CoV-2 and may be associated with a more indolent disease course. Serologic response rates among individuals with mild disease remains limited. We sought to identify whether chemosensory changes associated with COVID-19 were predictive of a serologic response. STUDY

DESIGN:

Cross-sectional study.

METHODS:

The sample consisted of 306 adults (≥18 years old) volunteering for convalescent plasma donation following perceived COVID-19 illness from April-June 2020. Documentation of COVID-19 PCR status, clinical symptoms at time of illness, and treatment course occurred at the time of serologic analysis, where we assessed chemosensory function using patient-perceived deficits. We implemented previously validated ELISA screening to determine serologic status regarding anti-Spike immunoglobulins. Statistical analysis using stepwise logistic models were employed to identify predictive factors of serologic response.

RESULTS:

Of 306 patients undergoing serologic and chemosensory evaluation, 196 (64.1%) and 195 (63.7%) reported subjective olfactory and taste dysfunction, respectively, during the first two weeks of COVID-19 infection. In unadjusted models, the odds of developing suprathreshold IgG antibody titers were 1.98 times higher among those who reported altered smell (95% CI 1.14-3.42, p = 0.014) and 2.02 times higher among those with altered taste (95% CI 1.17-3.48, p = 0.011) compared to those with normal smell and taste. Multivariable logistic models adjusting for sex, age, race/ethnicity, symptom duration, smoking status and comorbidities index demonstrated that altered smell and taste remained significant predictors of positive anti-spike IgG response (smell OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.05-3.44, p = 0.033; taste OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.12-3.61, p = 0.019).

CONCLUSION:

Subjective chemosensory dysfunction, as self-reported smell or taste deficiency, is highly predictive of serologic response following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This information may be useful for patient counseling. Additional longitudinal research should be performed to better understand the onset and duration of the serologic response in these patients.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Olfaction Disorders Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0274611

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Olfaction Disorders Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0274611