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Association of COVID-19 mortality with serum selenium, zinc and copper: Six observational studies across Europe.
Demircan, Kamil; Chillon, Thilo Samson; Bracken, Tommy; Bulgarelli, Ilaria; Campi, Irene; Du Laing, Gijs; Fafi-Kremer, Samira; Fugazzola, Laura; Garcia, Alejandro Abner; Heller, Raban; Hughes, David J; Ide, Louis; Klingenberg, Georg Jochen; Komarnicki, Pawel; Krasinski, Zbigniew; Lescure, Alain; Mallon, Patrick; Moghaddam, Arash; Persani, Luca; Petrovic, Mirko; Ruchala, Marek; Solis, Morgane; Vandekerckhove, Linos; Schomburg, Lutz.
  • Demircan K; Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
  • Chillon TS; Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
  • Bracken T; School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Bulgarelli I; Laboratorio Analisi Cliniche, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy.
  • Campi I; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.
  • Du Laing G; Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
  • Fafi-Kremer S; CHU de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg University, INSERM, IRM UMR-S 1109, Strasbourg, France.
  • Fugazzola L; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.
  • Garcia AA; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
  • Heller R; Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Hughes DJ; Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
  • Ide L; Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
  • Klingenberg GJ; Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Komarnicki P; School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Krasinski Z; Laboratory Medicine, AZ Jan Palfijn AV, Gent, Belgium.
  • Lescure A; Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
  • Mallon P; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
  • Moghaddam A; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
  • Persani L; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
  • Petrovic M; Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Ruchala M; Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Aschaffenburg, Germany.
  • Solis M; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.
  • Vandekerckhove L; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
  • Schomburg L; Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
Front Immunol ; 13: 1022673, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2163017
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Certain trace elements are essential for life and affect immune system function, and their intake varies by region and population. Alterations in serum Se, Zn and Cu have been associated with COVID-19 mortality risk. We tested the hypothesis that a disease-specific decline occurs and correlates with mortality risk in different countries in Europe.

Methods:

Serum samples from 551 COVID-19 patients (including 87 non-survivors) who had participated in observational studies in Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Poland) were analyzed for trace elements by total reflection X-ray fluorescence. A subset (n=2069) of the European EPIC study served as reference. Analyses were performed blinded to clinical data in one analytical laboratory.

Results:

Median levels of Se and Zn were lower than in EPIC, except for Zn in Italy. Non-survivors consistently had lower Se and Zn concentrations than survivors and displayed an elevated Cu/Zn ratio. Restricted cubic spline regression models revealed an inverse nonlinear association between Se or Zn and death, and a positive association between Cu/Zn ratio and death. With respect to patient age and sex, Se showed the highest predictive value for death (AUC=0.816), compared with Zn (0.782) or Cu (0.769).

Discussion:

The data support the potential relevance of a decrease in serum Se and Zn for survival in COVID-19 across Europe. The observational study design cannot account for residual confounding and reverse causation, but supports the need for intervention trials in COVID-19 patients with severe Se and Zn deficiency to test the potential benefit of correcting their deficits for survival and convalescence.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Selenium / Trace Elements / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.1022673

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Selenium / Trace Elements / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.1022673