Genetic and pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) can evolve rapidly via genetic mutation. At present, SARS-CoV-2 variants have been categorized as of concern variants(B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1,B.1.617.2 and B.1.1.529), variants of interest (B.1.427/B.1.429, P.2, B.1.525, P.3, B.1.526, B.1.617.1, C.37 and B.1.621) and variants under monitoring. These variants have had a significant impact on with significant impact on transmissibility of virus,morbidity, reinfection and mortality in the population. Compared to other variants, Omicron new variant has characteristics such as strong infectivity, immune escape, causing a high risk of infection surges. This review outlines genetic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants, the epidemiological, gene mutation and clinical characteristics of new variant Omicron of SARS-CoV-2, the collection method and detective method of SARS-CoV-2 specimen, vaccination and treatment for COVID-19,in order to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.