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COVID-19 Pandemic Experiences and Symptoms of Pandemic-Associated Traumatic Stress Among Mothers in the US.
Bastain, Theresa M; Knapp, Emily A; Law, Andrew; Algermissen, Molly; Avalos, Lyndsay A; Birnhak, Zoe; Blackwell, Courtney; Breton, Carrie V; Duarte, Cristiane; Frazier, Jean; Ganiban, Jody; Greenwood, Paige; Herbstman, Julie; Hernandez-Castro, Ixel; Hofheimer, Julie; Karagas, Margaret R; Lewis, Johnnye; Pagliaccio, David; Ramphal, Bruce; Saxbe, Darby; Schmidt, Rebecca; Velez-Vega, Carmen; Tang, Xiaodan; Hamra, Ghassan B; Margolis, Amy.
  • Bastain TM; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Knapp EA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Law A; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Algermissen M; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
  • Avalos LA; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
  • Birnhak Z; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Blackwell C; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Breton CV; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Duarte C; Columbia University-New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
  • Frazier J; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester.
  • Ganiban J; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
  • Greenwood P; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
  • Herbstman J; Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, New York.
  • Hernandez-Castro I; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
  • Hofheimer J; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill.
  • Karagas MR; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.
  • Lewis J; College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
  • Pagliaccio D; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
  • Ramphal B; Harvard University Medical School, New York, New York.
  • Saxbe D; Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  • Schmidt R; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis.
  • Velez-Vega C; Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan.
  • Tang X; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Hamra GB; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Margolis A; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
JAMA Netw Open ; 5(12): e2247330, 2022 12 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2172225
ABSTRACT
Importance The primary outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of women with children remain largely unknown.

Objectives:

To identify and describe clusters of mothers of children participating in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program that characterize pandemic-associated hardships, coping mechanisms, and behaviors, and to evaluate associations between pandemic-associated hardships, coping strategies, and behavior changes with pandemic-associated traumatic stress symptoms. Design, Setting, and

Participants:

This multicenter cohort study investigated experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic between April 2020 and August 2021 among maternal caregivers of children participating in the ECHO Program. Data from self-identified mothers of ECHO-enrolled children from 62 US cohorts were included in analyses. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to July 2022. Exposures The primary exposures were pandemic-associated changes in mothers' health, health care utilization, work and finances, coping strategies, and health-associated behaviors. Exposures were assessed via a self-reported questionnaire designed by ECHO investigators. Main Outcomes and

Measures:

The primary outcome was the total symptoms score of pandemic-associated traumatic stress (PTS), defined as the number of items endorsed at least sometimes or more frequently, from a 10-item self-report measure.

Results:

The study surveyed 11 473 mothers (mean [SD] age, 37.8 [7.4] years; 342 American Indian [2.98%], 378 Asian [3.29%], 1701 Black [14.83%], and 7195 White [62.71%]; 2184 with Hispanic/Latina ethnicity [19.04%]) and identified 2 clusters that best characterized their COVID-19 pandemic experiences-one characterized by higher life disruptions (eg, to work and health care), higher social isolation, more coping behaviors to mitigate the outcomes of the pandemic, and more changes to their health behavior routines (high change [1031 mothers]) and the other characterized by lower changes (low change [3061 mothers]). The high change cluster was more socioeconomically advantaged and reported higher PTS (mean [SD] number of symptoms, 3.72 [2.44] vs 2.51 [2.47]). Across both clusters, higher pandemic-associated hardships, coping mechanisms, and behavior changes were associated with higher PTS, and these associations were greater in the low change cluster. Conclusions and Relevance In this study of more than 11 000 US mothers, associations between socioeconomic factors, stressful life events, and mental health sequelae were complex. Accordingly, programs, policies, and practices targeting mental health during public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic should consider the range and configuration of hardships in designing the most effective interventions to mitigate long-term outcomes.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Child / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: JAMA Netw Open Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Child / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: JAMA Netw Open Year: 2022 Document Type: Article