Memory impairment among recovered COVID-19 patients: The prevalence and risk factors, a retrospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the prevalence of the long-term side effects of COVID-19, namely memory impairment among recovered patients, and obtaining the associated factors that link with memory impairment. It is a cross-sectional retrospective cohort study, that has been conducted from September to November 2022 in Iraq. People who were previously infected with COVID-19 were included. The study was performed by asking people to complete a questionnaire platform by either online or face-to-face interview. The Memory Assessment Clinic-Q (MAC-Q) test was utilized, scores that are equal or higher than 25 are indicative of memory decline. Thousand two hundred and eighty-seven participated in this study. However, only 1157 were included in the final analysis. Three hundred ninety-nine (34.49%) have memory impairment after COVID-19 recovery. Female gender, older age group, repeated exposure to COVID-19 infections, severe diseases, and exposure to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants were independent risk factors of memory deficit in post-COVID-19 survivors with a p-value of 0.0001, 0.02, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.0001 respectively. It is crucial to pay particular attention to psychosocial rehabilitation of such risky groups. COVID-19 vaccine administrations with booster shots are necessary steps to decrease the disease incidence and avoid subsequent post-COVID-19 symptoms.