Graphene-Derived Nanomaterials and Their Application in COVID-19 Related Prevention, Treatment, and Diagnosis

ABSTRACT

Currently, the whole world is going through a difficult health situation due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was first found in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. Worldwide, COVID-19 has created a ruckus into many people's lives in an unparalleled way and affected the economy also. It is still spreading continuously throughout the day non-stop and has taken a lot of lives daily all over the world. To solve this problem, it is very important to conduct mass testing as earlier as possible by which will help to prevent the coronavirus from spreading quickly and from getting infected from the asymptomatic and presymptomatic person as well as by detecting this virus earlier, it can save their life. The whole world is constantly trying its best to defeat COVID-19, which includes the development of vaccines, diagnostic tools, antiviral disinfectants, and other physical protective equipment to prevent and protect from this virus. Recently, graphene and graphene-derived nanomaterials (GDNMs) have shown evidence to act as an emerging weapon in the war against COVID-19 by developing graphene-coated PPEs, antiviral surface disinfectants, graphene-based improved diagnostic equipment, and many other items which will help in diagnosis and treatment related to COVID-19 as well as to control the transmission of this virus. In addition, the presence of coronavirus in sewage was found in various countries, so GDNMs-based materials can be used in wastewater treatment where it will separate and remove the virus from the water. In this chapter, numerous reports, studies, and claims based on the recent progress of GDNMs related to COVID-19 were collectively summarized and the discussion on its properties and uses in antiviral coatings, wastewater treatment, diagnostic devices, and protective components to combat COVID-19 were done. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.