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Serum immunoglobulin G and mucosal immunoglobulin A antibodies from prepandemic samples collected in Kilifi, Kenya, neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
Nyagwange, James; Kutima, Bernadette; Mwai, Kennedy; Karanja, Henry K; Gitonga, John N; Mugo, Daisy; Sein, Yiakon; Wright, Daniel; Omuoyo, Donwilliams O; Nyiro, Joyce U; Tuju, James; Nokes, D James; Agweyu, Ambrose; Bejon, Philip; Ochola-Oyier, Lynette I; Scott, J Anthony G; Lambe, Teresa; Nduati, Eunice; Agoti, Charles; Warimwe, George M.
  • Nyagwange J; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya. Electronic address: jnyagwange@kemri-wellcome.org.
  • Kutima B; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Mwai K; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Karanja HK; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Gitonga JN; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Mugo D; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Sein Y; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Wright D; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
  • Omuoyo DO; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Nyiro JU; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Tuju J; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Nokes DJ; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdo
  • Agweyu A; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Bejon P; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
  • Ochola-Oyier LI; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Scott JAG; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street WC1E 7HT, London, United Kingdom.
  • Lambe T; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
  • Nduati E; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Agoti C; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Warimwe GM; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
Int J Infect Dis ; 127: 11-16, 2023 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2179535
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

Many regions of Africa have experienced lower COVID-19 morbidity and mortality than Europe. Pre-existing humoral responses to endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) may cross-protect against SARS-CoV-2. We investigated the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 spike reactive and nonreactive immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies in prepandemic samples.

METHODS:

To investigate the presence of pre-existing immunity, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using spike antigens from reference SARS-CoV-2, HCoV HKU1, OC43, NL63, and 229E using prepandemic samples from Kilifi in coastal Kenya. In addition, we performed neutralization assays using pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 to determine the functionality of the identified reactive antibodies.

RESULTS:

We demonstrate the presence of HCoV serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies, which cross-react with the SARS-CoV-2 spike. We show pseudotyped reference SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by prepandemic serum, with a mean infective dose 50 of 1 251, which is 10-fold less than that of the pooled convalescent sera from patients with COVID-19 but still within predicted protection levels. The prepandemic naso-oropharyngeal fluid neutralized pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 at a mean infective dose 50 of 1 5.9 in the neutralization assay.

CONCLUSION:

Our data provide evidence for pre-existing functional humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kilifi, coastal Kenya and adds to data showing pre-existing immunity for COVID-19 from other regions.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Immunoglobulin G / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Immunoglobulin G / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article