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Differential clinical characteristics and performance of home antigen tests between parents and children after household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron variant pandemic.
Chen, Szu-Han; Wu, Jhong-Lin; Liu, Yun-Chung; Yen, Ting-Yu; Lu, Chun-Yi; Chang, Luan-Yin; Lee, Wang-Tso; Chen, Jong-Min; Lee, Ping-Ing; Huang, Li-Min.
  • Chen SH; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Wu JL; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Liu YC; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Yen TY; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Lu CY; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Chang LY; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: lychang@ntu.edu.tw.
  • Lee WT; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Chen JM; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Lee PI; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Huang LM; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Int J Infect Dis ; 128: 301-306, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2179547
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant pandemic struck Taiwan in April 2022. Rapid antigen tests (RATs) play an important role in providing rapid results during a pandemic. However, self-collected samples by the children's caregivers without the supervision of medical personnel raise some concerns.

METHODS:

This study was performed to investigate household transmission, clinical characteristics, and antigen performance in a special COVID-19 family clinic in a children's hospital. The performance of at-home RATs was evaluated based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS:

We included 627 patients in our study between May 11 and June 10, 2022. The COVID-19 full vaccination rate was significantly higher in adults (98.5%) than in children (5.9%, P <0.001). The transmission rate was significantly higher in children (91.3%) than in adults (76.6%, P <0.001). Infected children had more incidents of fever (82.4% vs 22.4%, P <0.001) and a higher peak fever than adults. Based on the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the negative predictive rate of the home RAT was only 38.7% (95% confidence interval 31.9-46.0%) in children. The cycle threshold value of those with false-negative antigen tests was significantly lower in children.

CONCLUSION:

Children had a higher transmission rate, more fever, and higher peak fever than adults. Home RAT has a suboptimal negative predictive rate in children.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2023.01.014

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2023.01.014