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Wastewater monitoring of COVID-19: a perspective from Scotland.
Fang, Zhou; Roberts, Adrian M I; Mayer, Claus-Dieter; Frantsuzova, Anastasia; Potts, Jackie M; Cameron, Graeme J; Singleton, Peter T R; Currie, Iona.
  • Fang Z; Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK E-mail: zhou.fang@bioss.ac.uk.
  • Roberts AMI; Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK E-mail: zhou.fang@bioss.ac.uk.
  • Mayer CD; Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK E-mail: zhou.fang@bioss.ac.uk.
  • Frantsuzova A; Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK E-mail: zhou.fang@bioss.ac.uk.
  • Potts JM; Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland, James Clerk Maxwell Building, King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK E-mail: zhou.fang@bioss.ac.uk.
  • Cameron GJ; Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Strathallan House, Castle Business Park, Stirling FK9 4TZ, UK.
  • Singleton PTR; Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Strathallan House, Castle Business Park, Stirling FK9 4TZ, UK.
  • Currie I; Scottish Government, Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services, 5 Atlantic Quay, Atlantic Quay, 150 Broomielaw, Glasgow G28LU, UK.
J Water Health ; 20(12): 1688-1700, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2197720
ABSTRACT
Scotland introduced wastewater monitoring for COVID-19 early in the pandemic. From May 2020, samples have been taken and analysed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The programme was expanded to over 100 sites accounting for around 80% of the population. Data are presented publicly via a dashboard and regular reports are produced for both the public and health professionals. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers opportunities and challenges. It offers an objective means of measuring COVID-19 prevalence and can be more practical or timely than other methods of mass testing. However, it also has substantial variability impacted by multiple environmental factors. Methods for data collection and analysis have developed significantly through the pandemic, reflecting the evolving situation and policy direction. We discuss the Scottish experience of wastewater monitoring for COVID-19, with a focus on the analysis of data. This includes our approach to flow normalisation, our experience of variability in measurements and anomalous values, and the visualisation and presentation of data to stakeholders. Summarising the Scottish methodology as of March 2022, we also discuss how wastewater data were used for informing policy and public health actions. We draw lessons from our experience and consider future directions for WBE in Scotland.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: J Water Health Journal subject: Environmental Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: J Water Health Journal subject: Environmental Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article