Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody against Rbd of Spike Protein of Sars-Cov 2 Virus in Ckd-Hd Patients

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Covid-19 infection has become a pandemic now. The rapidly changing morphology of the virus is a great challenge for accurate diagnosis management and for making effective preventive strategies. Understanding the development of neutralizing antibodies after vaccination in different subgroups of the population is important to curb the disease more so in CKD-HD group which is known for blunted immune response. As of now we have limited data regarding covid vaccinated CKD patient's protection status against SARS-COV-2 Virus. The recently published COVID-FRIAT study has presented a worrisome conclusion for CKD patients. It says that the antibody levels in patients on dialysis declining more rapidly than previously reported for the general population. AIM OF THE STUDY AIM - This study is done to assess the development of covid neutralizing antibodies their adequacy and sustainability after vaccination in CKD-HD patients. Have analyzed the immune response according to the patient'S age, sex, comorbidities, adequacy of dialysis, and types of vaccine. METHOD(S) Material and method - Stage 5 CKD Patients who were on regular hemodialysis are selected for the study. Patients and vaccines related to various factors were recorded. Antibody level was checked by VIDAS II (9COG) kit which detects IgG specific for SARS COVID 2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the spike protein by ELFA (Enzyme-linked fluorescent assay) technique. The most patient had received either COVAXIN or COVISHIELD RESULTS: Result -The study confirms that CKD-HD patients are showing good responses after vaccination. The extraneous variables like gender, comorbidities didn't significantly affect the COVID-19 IGG antibodies formation The peak antibody level is seen around an average of 125 +- 25 days (4 months). The significant declining trend is seen around 225 +- 25 days (8 months). The robust response seen when the gap is around 100 days between 2 doses. Nonresponders were 66% in the no-vaccinated group, 23% in the single dose, and 5.88% in the double-dose group. CONCLUSION(S) Conclusion-Two dose regimen is helping in mounting better antibody response, but there is no significant effect on declining trend when compared to single vaccinated cohort. Both indigenously developed vaccines, Covaxin and Covishield are showing good and comparable efficacy.