Prevention of overweight and obesity at global levels in particular to gastronomic opportunities

ABSTRACT

With the advent of the Coronavirus and in addition to many factors, stress also appears to be more pronounced in people's lives. In addition, in a life full of constraints, the weight gain is also a function of time spent at home. A stressful life-style and home-spend time affects not only the mental but also physical health. Therefore, a number of chronic diseases have manifested, of which the appearance of abnormal weight gain is increasing. Obesity and overweight once considered the problem of high-income nations but now increasing in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban areas. The prevalence of obesity nearly tripled between 1975 and 2016. It is estimated that over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were overweight or obese in 2016. Obesity rates in adults were found highest in several countries including Mexico, USA, New Zealand and others. In India, the prevalence of obesity is estimated around 40%. The common health consequences of overweight and obesity are cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and cancer. The manuscript, therefore, first summarizes the nutritional suggestions for the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity. Then it helps in practical implementation by presenting the possibilities offered by gastronomy. In doing so, we present foods that, with their energy and macronutrient content, greatly help to protect against overweight and obesity. Their other useful active ingredient contents are also important in achieving the normal body weight and optimizing energy levels. It is advised that an increased intake of energy-dense foods that are very rich in fats and sugars must be avoided by everyone. Further, the importance of daily regular physical activities should be highlighted in order to prevent overweight and obesity.