Association Between Serum D-dimer Levels and COVID-19 Severity Among Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Individuals

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coagulopathy is commonly seen with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Abnormal coagulation parameters are important to determine the prognosis and severity of the disease. There is scant evidence of coagulation in the Omicron variant of COVID-19. This study aimed to analyse the correlation between D-dimer level and clinical severity among 284 hospitalised patients with COVID in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 284 patients with COVID-19 admitted to Wisma Atlet Kemayoran COVID-19 Emergency Hospital between August 2021 and January 2022. D-dimer levels were determined on I-Chroma cs2100 and x-rays were taken with a Rotanode E7239X. p<0.05 was defined as statistically significant. The analytics were calculated using SPSS ver. 21. Results: Elevated D-dimer was discovered in 175 patients with the Omicron variant of COVID-19 (61.61%). Radiological signs of pneumonia were found in 38 patients (13.3%). Only one patient (0.35% severity rate) was diagnosed with a severe clinical case. A correlation was identified between an elevated D-dimer level and radiological signs of pneumonia in the Omicron variant of COVID-19 (p=0.045). Conclusion: The Omicron variant of COVID-19 tends to generate milder symptoms and less severe cases. Elevated D-dimer can be one of the signs of severity in the Omicron variant of COVID-19 due to its correlation with radiological signs of pneumonia. © 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.