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Serological response after COVID-19 mRNA-1273 booster dose in immunocompromised patients, Taiwan, July to August 2021.
Lin, Kuan-Yin; Hsieh, Ming-Ju; Chang, Sui-Yuan; Ieong, Si-Man; Cheng, Chien-Yu; Sheng, Wang-Huei; Chang, Shan-Chwen.
  • Lin KY; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Hsieh MJ; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Occupational Safety and Health Office, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Chang SY; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Ieong SM; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Cheng CY; Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
  • Sheng WH; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan. Electronic address: whsheng@ntu.edu.tw.
  • Chang SC; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc ; 121(12): 2438-2445, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2210778
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Whether immunocompromising conditions affect the immunogenicity of COVID-19 booster vaccination remains a concern, which impedes the vaccination campaign in people most vulnerable to COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the effect of immune dysfunction on immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination.

METHODS:

Between July and August, 2021, 399 participants were randomized to receive ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1 8 weeks apart, ChAdOx1/mRNA-1273 8 weeks apart, ChAdOx1/mRNA-1273 4 weeks apart, and mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273 4 weeks apart. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers on the day before booster vaccination and 4 weeks after booster vaccination were compared between participants with and without immunocompromising conditions.

RESULTS:

Among ChAdOx1-primed participants, a trend of lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers before booster vaccination were found in participants with autoimmune diseases (geometric means, 34.76 vs. 84.25 binding antibody units [BAU]/mL, P = 0.173), compared to those without. Participants receiving immunosuppressants and/or immunomodulators had significant lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers before booster vaccination than those without (geometric means, 36.39 vs. 83.84 BAU/mL; P = 0.001). Among mRNA-1273-boosted participants, anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers 4 weeks after booster vaccination were similar across all the strata. Participants with autoimmune diseases and receiving immunosuppressants and/or immunomodulators, had numerically lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers 4 weeks after booster vaccination compared to those without (geometric means, 1474.34 vs. 1923.23 and 1590.61 vs. 1918.38 BAU/mL; P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

The immunogenicity of prime vaccination with ChAdOx1 decreased by immune dysfunction, but enhanced after receiving boost vaccination with mRNA-1273. Our study results support the efficacy of mRNA-1273 booster dose among immunocompromised hosts.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: J Formos Med Assoc Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jfma.2022.08.017

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: J Formos Med Assoc Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jfma.2022.08.017