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Myopic axial elongation in school children and the COVID-19 lockdown in Russia: The Ural Children Myopia Study.
Bikbov, Mukharram M; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M; Fakhretdinova, Albina A; Tuliakova, Azaliia M; Rakhimova, Ellina M; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Gilemzianova, Leisan I; Garipova, Liana A; Khakimov, Dinar A; Jonas, Jost B.
  • Bikbov MM; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Kazakbaeva GM; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Fakhretdinova AA; Ufa Eye Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Tuliakova AM; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Rakhimova EM; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Panda-Jonas S; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Gilemzianova LI; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Garipova LA; Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Khakimov DA; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
  • Jonas JB; Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
PLoS One ; 18(1): e0279020, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2214782
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

To explore an influence of the COVID-19-related lockdown on ocular axial elongation in school children in Russia.

METHODS:

The participants of the school-based Ufa Children Myopia Study in Ufa/Russia underwent, at baseline in 2019/2020 before the COVID-19 outbreak and after a COVID-19-related lockdown, a detailed interview and ophthalmological examination including laser interferometric biometry for axial length measurement.

RESULTS:

The study included 461 children (age10.7±2.1 years;range6.8-16.9 years). The mean follow-up was 1.41±0.33 years. Mean axial length at baseline was 23.96±0.95mm and 23.94±0.95mm in the right and left eyes, respectively. During the study period, annual axial elongation (right/left eyes) was 0.19±0.17mm/0.19±0.22mm. Before the COVID-19 lockdown, the age-dependent coefficient for axial length (ADCAL) for the right/left eyes was 0.21mm (95%CI0.17,0.25)/0.20mm (95%CI0.16,0.24). In children younger than 9.6 years (n = 157), annual axial elongation (right eyes) during the study period was larger than the ADCAL before the COVID-19 outbreak (0.29 mm (95%0.00,0.66) versus 0.21 mm (95%CI0.02,0.41)). In the groups aged 9.6 to 11.4 years (n = 148) and aged >11.4 years (n = 156), annual axial elongation during the study period was comparable to the ADCAL before the COVID-19 outbreak (0.18mm (95%CI-0.07,0.46) versus 0.22mm (95%CI-0.05,0.48), and (0.09mm (95%CI-0.15,0.34) versus 0.14mm (95%CI0.00,0.28), respectively). In children aged ≤9 years at study end, axial length at study end was 0.20 mm larger than axial length at baseline in the participants aged ≤9 years at baseline. Larger axial elongation during the study period was associated (multivariable analysis) with younger age (beta-0.62;P<0.001), female sex (beta0.21;P<0.001), longer study period (beta0.22;P<0.001), and longer axial length at baseline (beta0.28;P<0.001), and marginally, with less time spent outdoors (beta-0.07;P = 0.06).

CONCLUSIONS:

The COVID-19-related lockdown in the Russian city of Ufa was associated with a relatively minor increase in axial elongation, detected only in children aged <9.6 years.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Myopia Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Child / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia / Europa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0279020

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Myopia Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Child / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia / Europa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0279020