PREGNANCY AND COVID-19. PERINATAL OUTCOMES

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The coronavirus infection COVID-19 has become a major medical problem around the world. Despite the fact that the infection is new and research on COVID-19 is ongoing, the main risk factors for severe consequences for pregnant women have already been identified. Aim. The aim of our study – analyze the impact of coronavirus infection and its consequences on the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Material and methods. The medical records of 4422 pregnant women were studied on the basis of the Kazan city obstetric hospital. The study included two groups an experimental group – 67 patients who underwent COVID-19 at various times during pregnancy and a control group – 65 patients with a normal pregnancy. The analysis of the collected data was performed in the GraphPad Prism 9 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). Results and discussion. Most often, pregnant women had infection COVID-19 during the third trimester, n=51 (76%). The main complications during pregnancy in the experimental group were moderate preeclampsia – 6;9% (in the control group – 2;3%) and the threatened preterm labor – 14;17% (in the control group – 2;3%). The main complications in newborns respiratory distress syndrome (9;13%) and intrauterine pneumonia (3;5%). The calculated odds ratios showed that the chance of getting 7 or more points on the Apgar scale in the control group was 7,2 times higher compared to the experimental group at 1 minute, and 10,1 times higher at the fifth minute. A significant difference (p-value=0,0027) was also shown between the average values of body weight of newborns in the experimental group [(3047±186) g] and control [(3403±243) g]. Conclusion. The number of cases of complicated pregnancy was significantly higher in experimental the group compared to the control group. Children in the control group are more likely to have higher Apgar score and have higher body weight than children born to mothers included in the experimental group. Also, the number of newborns with complications (mainly pathology of the respiratory system) in the early neonatal period was higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. © 2022, LLC "IMC" Modern Clinical Medicine. All rights reserved.