Blood Count Abnormalities and Covid-19 in Pediatric Patients

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic infection with a significant impact on the hematopoietic system. In pediatrics, COVID-19 is known to cause less severe disease course and transient hematologic abnormalities, including leukopenia, lymphopenia, anemia and thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia Methods: This retrospective study conducter in the hematology departement at IBN ROCHD hospital university center over a period of 2 years between January 2020 and January 2022 involing patients with COVID-19 infection according to WHO recommendations in whom the labs showed the cytologics abnormalities. Result(s) This study included 12 patients whom had anormal blood count The average age was 7.2 ( 2 ans - 16 ans) with sex ratio M/F = 0.5. Three patients had cytopenia (25%) tow patients had anemia and one with thrombopenia Labs showed bicytopenia with anemia (10.5 g/dl) and thrombocytopenia ( 100.000/mm3) in tow patients (16%) and one patient had anemia and neutropenia Tow patients (16%) had lymphopenia . Labs showed anemia and hyperleukostasis with PNN in three patients( 25%). One patient had a severe lymphopenia ( 60/ mm3) and thrombocytopenia ( 31.000 /mm3). One patient presented with thrombocytosis ( 556.000/mm3) Conclusion(s) Lymphopenia may be considered as a cardinal laboratory finding. In the pediatric population the different cytological abnormalities may have prognostic value Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in determining sever cases. Hence the interest in conducting studies to correlate the clinical course of the infection with the results of biological examinations.