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Clinical efficacy and long-term immunogenicity of an early triple dose regimen of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in cancer patients.
Ann Acad Med Singap ; 52(1): 8-16, 2023 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2218771
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have been recommended for cancer patients to reduce the risk of severe disease. Anti-neoplastic treatment, such as chemotherapy, may affect long-term vaccine immunogenicity.

METHOD:

Patients with solid or haematological cancer were recruited from 2 hospitals between July 2021 and March 2022. Humoral response was evaluated using GenScript cPASS surrogate virus neutralisation assays. Clinical outcomes were obtained from medical records and national mandatory-reporting databases.

RESULTS:

A total of 273 patients were recruited, with 40 having haematological malignancies and the rest solid tumours. Among the participants, 204 (74.7%) were receiving active cancer therapy, including 98 (35.9%) undergoing systemic chemotherapy and the rest targeted therapy or immunotherapy. All patients were seronegative at baseline. Seroconversion rates after receiving 1, 2 and 3 doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination were 35.2%, 79.4% and 92.4%, respectively. After 3 doses, patients on active treatment for haematological malignancies had lower antibodies (57.3%±46.2) when compared to patients on immunotherapy (94.1%±9.56, P<0.05) and chemotherapy (92.8%±18.1, P<0.05). SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in 77 (28.2%) patients, of which 18 were severe. No patient receiving a third dose within 90 days of the second dose experienced severe infection.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates the benefit of early administration of the third dose among cancer patients.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hematologic Neoplasms / COVID-19 / Neoplasms Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Ann Acad Med Singap Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Singapore

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hematologic Neoplasms / COVID-19 / Neoplasms Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Ann Acad Med Singap Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Singapore