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Risk reduction of hospitalisation and severe disease in vaccinated COVID-19 cases during the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron BA.1-predominant period, Navarre, Spain, January to March 2022.
Martínez-Baz, Iván; Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino; Miqueleiz, Ana; Casado, Itziar; Navascués, Ana; Burgui, Cristina; Ezpeleta, Carmen; Castilla, Jesús; Guevara, Marcela.
  • Martínez-Baz I; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
  • Trobajo-Sanmartín C; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Pamplona, Spain.
  • Miqueleiz A; Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Casado I; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
  • Navascués A; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Pamplona, Spain.
  • Burgui C; Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Ezpeleta C; Clinical Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
  • Castilla J; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
  • Guevara M; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
Euro Surveill ; 28(5)2023 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2224708
ABSTRACT
BackgroundAs COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower for cases of the Omicron vs the Delta variant, understanding the effect of vaccination in reducing risk of hospitalisation and severe disease among COVID-19 cases is crucial.AimTo evaluate risk reduction of hospitalisation and severe disease in vaccinated COVID-19 cases during the Omicron BA.1-predominant period in Navarre, Spain.MethodsA case-to-case comparison included COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance data in adults ≥ 18 years from 3 January-20 March 2022. COVID-19 vaccination status was compared between hospitalised and non-hospitalised cases, and between severe (intensive care unit admission or death) and non-severe cases using logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 58,952 COVID-19 cases, 565 (1.0%) were hospitalised and 156 (0.3%) were severe. The risk of hospitalisation was reduced within the first 6 months after full COVID-19 vaccination (complete primary series) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.06; 95% CI 0.04-0.09) and after 6 months (aOR 0.16; 95% CI 0.12-0.21; pcomparison < 0.001), as well as after a booster dose (aOR 0.06 95% CI 0.04-0.07). Similarly, the risk of severe disease was reduced (aOR 0.13, 0.18, and 0.06, respectively). Compared with cases fully vaccinated 6 months or more before a positive test, those who had received a booster dose had lower risk of hospitalisation (aOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.28-0.52) and severe disease (aOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.21-0.68).ConclusionsFull COVID-19 vaccination greatly reduced the risk of hospitalisation and severe outcomes in COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant, and a booster dose improved this effect in people aged over 65 years.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1560-7917.ES.2023.28.5.2200337

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1560-7917.ES.2023.28.5.2200337