Assessment of the Risk Factor to Mortality in Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients, Pune

ABSTRACT

Background: There have been scientific papers in the Indian setting that describe demographics, clinical characteristics, hospital course, morbidity, and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19);however, they are based on limited numbers of cases. The current study of patients with known outcomes enabled us to acquire a better understanding of the disease process and progression in COVID-19 individuals, as well as correlate the factors affecting the outcome. Method(s) This study was carried out at a COVID-19 tertiary care facility at Dr. D. Y.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune. The demographic and clinical information, laboratory parameters of admitted COVID19 patients were collected were subsequently analysed. Categorical variables were analysed using either the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Result(s) Out of 603, 515 (85.4%) patients were discharged while 88 (15.8%) patients were died. The mean age of dead COVID-19 patients was significantly higher as compared to discharged COVID-19 patients. Serum urea, Serum Creatinine, serum AST, Serum total bilirubin, Serum Conjugated Bilirubin, serum LDH, Serum CRP and Serum Ferritin, Hb, PCV, TLC, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio, platelets to lymphocyte ratio, ESR and D-dimer were differ significantly between discharged and dead COVID-19 cases whereas the levels of Serum ALT, Serum ALP, Serum Unconjugated bilirubin, MCV,MCH platelet count, PT and aPTT were remained comparable between discharged and dead COVID-19 cases. Multivariate analysis showed that Serum urea, D-dimer, ESR, NLR, PLR neutrophil and TLC were the significant predictors of COVID-19 death in our study. Conclusion(s) This study revealed that in hospitalised COVID-19 patients, older age, male sex, hypertension, diabetes, serum LDH, and urea levels were strongly linked to an increased risk of mortality. To enhance patient care and results, healthcare professionals should identify these aspects at the time of diagnosis. Copyright © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.