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Is babesiosis a rare zoonosis in Spain? Its impact on the Spanish Health System over 23 years.
Almeida, Hugo; López-Bernús, Amparo; Rodríguez-Alonso, Beatriz; Alonso-Sardón, Montserrat; Romero-Alegría, Ángela; Velasco-Tirado, Virginia; Pardo-Lledías, Javier; Muro, Antonio; Belhassen-García, Moncef.
  • Almeida H; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • López-Bernús A; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Rodríguez-Alonso B; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Alonso-Sardón M; Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Romero-Alegría Á; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Velasco-Tirado V; Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
  • Pardo-Lledías J; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, IDIVAL (Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla), Santander, Spain.
  • Muro A; Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
  • Belhassen-García M; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
PLoS One ; 18(2): e0280154, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2227379
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Babesiosis is a zoonosis caused by an intraerythrocytic protozoan of the genus Babesia and transmitted mainly by ticks of the Ixodes spp. complex. There is no comprehensive global incidence in the literature, although the United States, Europe and Asia are considered to be endemic areas. In Europe, the percentage of ticks infected with Babesia spp. ranges from 0.78% to 51.78%. The incidence of babesiosis in hospitalized patients in Spain is 2.35 cases per 10,000,000 inhabitants/year. The mortality rate is estimated to be approximately 9% in hospitalized patients but can reach 20% if the disease is transmitted by transfusion.

OBJECTIVE:

To analyze the epidemiological impact of inpatients diagnosed with babesiosis on the National Health System (NHS) of Spain between 1997 and 2019.

METHODOLOGY:

A retrospective longitudinal descriptive study that included inpatients diagnosed with babesiosis [ICD-9-CM code 088.82, ICD-10 code B60.0, cases ap2016-2019] in public Spanish NHS hospitals between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2019 was developed. Data were obtained from the minimum basic dataset (CMBD in Spanish), which was provided by the Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad after the receipt of a duly substantiated request and the signing of a confidentiality agreement. MAIN

FINDINGS:

Twenty-nine inpatients diagnosed with babesiosis were identified in Spain between 1997 and 2019 (IR 0.28 cases/10,000,000 person-years). A total of 82.8% of the cases were men from urban areas who were approximately 46 years old. The rate of primary diagnoses was 55.2% and the number of readmissions was 79.3%. The mean hospital stay was 20.3±19.2 days, with an estimated cost of €186,925.66. Two patients, both with secondary diagnoses of babesiosis, died in our study.

CONCLUSIONS:

Human babesiosis is still a rare zoonosis in Spain, with an incidence rate that has been increasing over the years. Most cases occurred in middle-aged men from urban areas between summer and autumn. The Castilla-La-Mancha and Extremadura regions recorded the highest number of cases. Given the low rate of primary diagnoses (55.2%) and the high number of readmissions (79.3%), a low clinical suspicion is likely. There was a 6.9% mortality in our study. Both patients who died were patients with secondary diagnoses of the disease.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Babesia / Babesiosis / Ixodes Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America / Europa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0280154

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Babesia / Babesiosis / Ixodes Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: North America / Europa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0280154