Guillain Barré syndrome in the paediatric population. Consequence of active infection or long Covid?

ABSTRACT

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a polyradiculoneuropathy that has been associated with infectious diseases as triggers. There is currently little medical evidence exploring the relationship between the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and long Covid. Objective: To synthesize the medical evidence that describes the relationship between post Covid syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome in the paediatric population. Methodology: A scoping review was developed using Scopus and PubMed databases, including analytical and/or descriptive experimental and observational studies. Results: The main clinical manifestations presented by paediatric patients were distal and ascending weakness in the lower limbs and myalgia. The diagnostic approach was based on clinical findings, imaging findings on spinal magnetic resonance and electromyography. The therapeutic strategy is based on the use of intravenous human immunoglobulins. Conclusion: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a frequent disease in the paediatric population with active SARS-CoV-2 infection or in survivors, however, it is necessary to encourage further clinical studies that increase the medical literature that describes this association.