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Encephalitis lethargica. What is still wrong?
Di Vito, A; Donato, A; Bria, J; Donato, F; Donato, G.
  • Di Vito A; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 9325University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Donato A; Department of Health Sciences, 9325University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Bria J; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 9325University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Donato F; CeRPS Foundation (Research Center on Psychiatry and Social Sciences), Nocera Inferiore, Italy.
  • Donato G; Giuda Lab, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 37: 3946320231154997, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2229476
ABSTRACT
Encephalitis lethargica developed in epidemic from 1919 to 1926 in Europe and throughout the world. From the clinical point of view, the disturbances of consciousness and alertness and the possible outcomes of a postencephalitic Parkinsonism has attracted much attention. For a long time, it was thought that such a disease may still occur sporadically. In this review, the authors examined historical and current pictures of epidemics that may be related to Encephalitis lethargica. The previous Nona and Russian Influenza exhibited frequent neurological symptoms. The Spanish flu, formerly related to Encephalitis lethargica, would appear an epidemic that had its development in a partially overlapping period. The current pandemic linked to COVID-19 sometimes has aspects that can resemble Encephalitis lethargica. Based on historical analysis and the more recent immunological data, it could be suggested that Encephalitis lethargica was an autoimmune encephalitis that arose in a secondary form to the action of a viral agent. It cannot be ruled out that this agent was a coronavirus. From the nosological point of view, the term Encephalitis lethargica should be abolished in designating autoimmune encephalitis pictures that run sporadically.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic / Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Influenza, Human / Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Pharmacology / Pathology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 03946320231154997

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic / Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Influenza, Human / Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Pharmacology / Pathology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 03946320231154997