Impact of Antibiotic Consumption on the Acquisition of Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales Carriage during the COVID-19 Crisis in French Guiana.
Antibiotics (Basel)
; 12(1)2022 Dec 29.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2232700
ABSTRACT
(1) Background:
During the COVID-19 outbreak, several studies showed an increased prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) carriage in intensive care units (ICUs). Our objective was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescriptions on the acquisition of ESBL-PE in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis. (2)Methods:
We conducted an observational study between 1 April 2020, and 31 December 2021, in the medical-surgical ICU of the Cayenne General Hospital. We defined two periods Period 1 with routine, empirical antibiotic use, and Period 2 with no systematic empiric antibiotic prescription. (3)Results:
ICU-acquired ESBL-PE carriage was 22.8% during Period 1 and 9.4% during Period 2 (p = 0.005). The main isolated ESBL-PE was Klebsiella pneumoniae (84.6% in Period 1 and 58.3% in Period 2). When using a generalized linear model with a Poisson family, exposure to cefotaxime was the only factor independently associated with ESBL-PE acquisition in ICU (p = 0.002, IRR 2.59 (95% IC 1.42-4.75)). The propensity scores matching estimated the increased risk for cefotaxime use to acquire ESBL-PE carriage at 0.096 (95% CI = 0.02-0.17), p = 0.01. (4)Conclusions:
Exposure to cefotaxime in patients with severe COVID-19 is strongly associated with the emergence of ESBL-PE in the context of maximal infection control measures.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Country/Region as subject:
South America
/
English Caribbean
/
Guyana
Language:
English
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Antibiotics12010058
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