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Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals living with and without HIV; a Danish nationwide cohort study.
Rasmussen, Line D; Cowan, Susan; Gerstoft, Jan; Kronborg, Gitte; Johansen, Isik S; Larsen, Carsten S; Weise, Lothar; Dalager-Pedersen, Michael; Leth, Steffen; Nielsen, Lars N; Lunding, Suzanne; Omland, Lars H; Obel, Niels.
  • Rasmussen LD; Department of Infectious Disease, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark& Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
  • Cowan S; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Gerstoft J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Kronborg G; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
  • Johansen IS; Department of Infectious Disease, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark& Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
  • Larsen CS; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Weise L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
  • Dalager-Pedersen M; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg Denmark&Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
  • Leth S; Department of Infectious Diseases & Internal Medicine, Gødstrup Hospital, Gødstrup, Denmark.
  • Nielsen LN; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Lunding S; Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark.
  • Omland LH; Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
  • Obel N; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
AIDS ; 2022 Sep 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2234758
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) with the general population, and estimate the association with vaccination status.

DESIGN:

A nationwide, population based, matched cohort study.

METHODS:

We included all Danish PLWH ≥18 years (n = 5,276) and an age-and sex matched general population cohort (n = 42,308).We used Cox regression analyses to calculate (adjusted) incidence rate ratios [(a)IRR] and further stratified and restricted the analyses.

RESULTS:

We observed no major difference in risk of first positive SARS-CoV-2 test [aIRR 0.8 (95%CI 0.8-0.9)], but a higher risk of first hospital contact with COVID-19 and hospitalization with severe COVID-19 for PLWH vs. controls [IRR 2.0; (1.6-2.5), 1.8 (1.4-2.3)]. Risk of first hospitalization decreased substantially in PLWH with calendar time [First half of year 2022 vs. 2020 IRR 0.3; (0.2-0.6)], whereas the risk compared to population controls remained almost 2-fold increased. We did not observe increased risk of death after SARS-CoV-2 infection [aIRR 0.7 (95%CI 0.3-2.0)]. Compared to PLWH who had received two vaccines PLWH who receiving a third vaccine had reduced risk of first positive SARS-CoV-2 test, death (individuals ≥60years) and hospitalization [aIRR 0.9 (0.7-1.0); 0.2 (0.1-0.7); 0.6 (0.2-1.2)].

CONCLUSION:

PLWH have almost the same risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test as the general population. Although risk of hospital contacts and severe outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection is increased, the risk of death does not seem to be substantially increased. Importantly, a third vaccine is associated with reduced risk of infection, and death.

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal subject: SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: QAD.0000000000003393

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal subject: SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: QAD.0000000000003393