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Protection of mRNA vaccines against hospitalized COVID-19 in adults over the first year following authorization in the United States.
Tenforde, Mark W; Self, Wesley H; Zhu, Yuwei; Naioti, Eric A; Gaglani, Manjusha; Ginde, Adit A; Jensen, Kelly; Talbot, H Keipp; Casey, Jonathan D; Mohr, Nicholas M; Zepeski, Anne; McNeal, Tresa; Ghamande, Shekhar; Gibbs, Kevin W; Files, D Clark; Hager, David N; Shehu, Arber; Prekker, Matthew E; Erickson, Heidi L; Gong, Michelle N; Mohamed, Amira; Johnson, Nicholas J; Srinivasan, Vasisht; Steingrub, Jay S; Peltan, Ithan D; Brown, Samuel M; Martin, Emily T; Monto, Arnold S; Khan, Akram; Hough, Catherine L; Busse, Laurence W; Ten Lohuis, Caitlin; Duggal, Abhijit; Wilson, Jennifer G; Qadir, Nida; Chang, Steven Y; Mallow, Christopher; Rivas, Carolina; Babcock, Hilary M; Kwon, Jennie H; Exline, Matthew C; Botros, Mena M; Lauring, Adam S; Shapiro, Nathan I; Halasa, Natasha; Chappell, James D; Grijalva, Carlos G; Rice, Todd W; Jones, Ian D; Stubblefield, William B.
  • Tenforde MW; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  • Self WH; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Zhu Y; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Naioti EA; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  • Gaglani M; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Ginde AA; Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Jensen K; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
  • Talbot HK; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
  • Casey JD; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Mohr NM; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Zepeski A; University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
  • McNeal T; University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
  • Ghamande S; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Gibbs KW; Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Files DC; Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Hager DN; Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.
  • Shehu A; Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
  • Prekker ME; Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
  • Erickson HL; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Gong MN; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Mohamed A; Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
  • Johnson NJ; Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
  • Srinivasan V; Montefiore Healthcare Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
  • Steingrub JS; Montefiore Healthcare Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
  • Peltan ID; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
  • Brown SM; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
  • Martin ET; Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Monto AS; Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
  • Khan A; Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
  • Hough CL; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Busse LW; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Ten Lohuis C; Oregon Health & Science University Hospital, Portland, Oregon, USA.
  • Duggal A; Oregon Health & Science University Hospital, Portland, Oregon, USA.
  • Wilson JG; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Qadir N; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Chang SY; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
  • Mallow C; Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
  • Rivas C; Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
  • Babcock HM; Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
  • Kwon JH; University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
  • Exline MC; University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
  • Botros MM; Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
  • Lauring AS; Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
  • Shapiro NI; Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Halasa N; Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Chappell JD; University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  • Grijalva CG; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Rice TW; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Jones ID; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Stubblefield WB; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Clin Infect Dis ; 2022 May 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2236202
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were authorized in the United States in December 2020. Although vaccine effectiveness (VE) against mild infection declines markedly after several months, limited understanding exists on the long-term durability of protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization.

METHODS:

Case control analysis of adults (≥18 years) hospitalized at 21 hospitals in 18 states March 11 - December 15, 2021, including COVID-19 case patients and RT-PCR-negative controls. We included adults who were unvaccinated or vaccinated with two doses of a mRNA vaccine before the date of illness onset. VE over time was assessed using logistic regression comparing odds of vaccination in cases versus controls, adjusting for confounders. Models included dichotomous time (<180 vs ≥180 days since dose two) and continuous time modeled using restricted cubic splines.

RESULTS:

10,078 patients were included, 4906 cases (23% vaccinated) and 5172 controls (62% vaccinated). Median age was 60 years (IQR 46-70), 56% were non-Hispanic White, and 81% had ≥1 medical condition. Among immunocompetent adults, VE <180 days was 90% (95%CI 88-91) vs 82% (95%CI 79-85) at ≥180 days (p < 0.001). VE declined for Pfizer-BioNTech (88% to 79%, p < 0.001) and Moderna (93% to 87%, p < 0.001) products, for younger adults (18-64 years) [91% to 87%, p = 0.005], and for adults ≥65 years of age (87% to 78%, p < 0.001). In models using restricted cubic splines, similar changes were observed.

CONCLUSION:

In a period largely pre-dating Omicron variant circulation, effectiveness of two mRNA doses against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was largely sustained through 9 months.
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid