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Human influenza virus infection elicits distinct patterns of monocyte and dendritic cell mobilization in blood and the nasopharynx.
Vangeti, Sindhu; Falck-Jones, Sara; Yu, Meng; Österberg, Björn; Liu, Sang; Asghar, Muhammad; Sondén, Klara; Paterson, Clare; Whitley, Penn; Albert, Jan; Johansson, Niclas; Färnert, Anna; Smed-Sörensen, Anna.
  • Vangeti S; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Falck-Jones S; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Yu M; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Österberg B; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Liu S; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Asghar M; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Sondén K; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Paterson C; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Whitley P; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Albert J; SomaLogic Operating Co., Inc,, Boulder, United States.
  • Johansson N; Boulder Bioconsulting Inc, Boulder, United States.
  • Färnert A; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Smed-Sörensen A; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Elife ; 122023 02 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2236574
ABSTRACT
During respiratory viral infections, the precise roles of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) in the nasopharynx in limiting infection and influencing disease severity are incompletely described. We studied circulating and nasopharyngeal monocytes and DCs in healthy controls (HCs) and in patients with mild to moderate infections (primarily influenza A virus [IAV]). As compared to HCs, patients with acute IAV infection displayed reduced DC but increased intermediate monocytes frequencies in blood, and an accumulation of most monocyte and DC subsets in the nasopharynx. IAV patients had more mature monocytes and DCs in the nasopharynx, and higher levels of TNFα, IL-6, and IFNα in plasma and the nasopharynx than HCs. In blood, monocytes were the most frequent cellular source of TNFα during IAV infection and remained responsive to additional stimulation with TLR7/8L. Immune responses in older patients skewed towards increased monocyte frequencies rather than DCs, suggesting a contributory role for monocytes in disease severity. In patients with other respiratory virus infections, we observed changes in monocyte and DC frequencies in the nasopharynx distinct from IAV patients, while differences in blood were more similar across infection groups. Using SomaScan, a high-throughput aptamer-based assay to study proteomic changes between patients and HCs, we found differential expression of innate immunity-related proteins in plasma and nasopharyngeal secretions of IAV and SARS-CoV-2 patients. Together, our findings demonstrate tissue-specific and pathogen-specific patterns of monocyte and DC function during human respiratory viral infections and highlight the importance of comparative investigations in blood and the nasopharynx.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza A virus / Communicable Diseases / Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Influenza, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Aged / Humans Language: English Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: ELife.77345

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza A virus / Communicable Diseases / Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Influenza, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Aged / Humans Language: English Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: ELife.77345