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Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19 Progression: An Insight for Effective Treatment.
Blanch-Ruiz, María Amparo; Ortega-Luna, Raquel; Gómez-García, Guillermo; Martínez-Cuesta, Maria Ángeles; Álvarez, Ángeles.
  • Blanch-Ruiz MA; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • Ortega-Luna R; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • Gómez-García G; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • Martínez-Cuesta MÁ; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • Álvarez Á; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Biomedicines ; 10(1)2021 Dec 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2239231
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a pandemic with over 270 million confirmed cases and 5.3 million deaths worldwide. In some cases, the infection leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is triggered by a cytokine storm and multiple organ failure. Clinical hematological, biochemical, coagulation, and inflammatory markers, such as interleukins, are associated with COVID-19 disease progression. In this regard, neutrophilia, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), have emerged as promising biomarkers of disease severity and progression. In the pathophysiology of ARDS, the inflammatory environment induces neutrophil influx and activation in the lungs, promoting the release of cytokines, proteases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and, eventually, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs components, such as DNA, histones, myeloperoxidase, and elastase, may exert cytotoxic activity and alveolar damage. Thus, NETs have also been described as potential biomarkers of COVID-19 prognosis. Several studies have demonstrated that NETs are induced in COVID-19 patients, and that the highest levels of NETs are found in critical ones, therefore highlighting a correlation between NETs and severity of the disease. Knowledge of NETs signaling pathways, and the targeting of points of NETs release, could help to develop an effective treatment for COVID-19, and specifically for severe cases, which would help to manage the pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Biomedicines10010031

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Biomedicines10010031