Lower T cell response against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern after mRNA vaccine and risk of breakthrough infections in people with HIV.
AIDS
; 37(6): 877-882, 2023 05 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2239564
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
We evaluated T-cell immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) after vaccination in people with HIV (PWH), and their impact on the incidence of disease.METHODS:
A prospective cohort study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected a median of 53âdays after second dose of mRNA vaccine. Humoral response and T cell responses against the spike (S) glycoprotein of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral Wuhan variant) and mutated S-protein regions found in the Delta and Omicron variants were assessed by flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS:
In 142 PWH without preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection, bivariate correlations showed a close association between T-cell responses to the different variants. However, despite at least 70% of PWH having a cellular immune response to any variant, CD4 + and CD8 + T cell responses against VOC were lower in frequency and magnitude (-3% and -20% for Delta, -33% and -28% for Omicron variant) compared with that observed against the Wuhan strain. A higher magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8 + T cell responses against all the variants was observed in those PWH with greater immune reconstitution. Notably, 27 symptomatic breakthrough infections (19%) in the setting of Delta and Omicron transmission were observed during follow-up, associated with a significant lower humoral and T-cell response to ancestral strain and VOC. On the contrary, only one PWH with COVID-19 (4%) required hospitalization.CONCLUSION:
A blunted T-cell response against Delta and Omicron variant is observed in PWH who received two doses of mRNA vaccine. This lower immune response is associated with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
/
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
AIDS
Journal subject:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
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