Noninvasive Physiologic Assessment of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Is Prognostic for Post-Transplant Events.
J Am Coll Cardiol
; 80(17): 1617-1628, 2022 10 25.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2239858
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) causes impaired blood flow in both epicardial coronary arteries and the microvasculature. A leading cause of post-transplant mortality, CAV affects 50% of heart transplant recipients within 10 years of heart transplant.OBJECTIVES:
This analysis examined the outcomes of heart transplant recipients with reduced myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) and microvascular CAV detected by 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging.METHODS:
A total of 181 heart transplant recipients who underwent PET to assess for CAV were included with a median follow-up of 4.7 years. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to the total MBFR >2.0 and ≤2.0. Microvascular CAV was defined as no epicardial CAV detected by PET and/or coronary angiography, but with an MBFR ≤2.0 by PET.RESULTS:
In total, 71 (39%) patients had an MBFR ≤2.0. Patients with an MBFR ≤2.0 experienced an increased risk for alloutcomes:
7-fold increase in death or retransplantation (HR 7.05; 95% CI 3.2-15.6; P < 0.0001), 12-fold increase in cardiovascular death (HR 12.0; 95% CI 2.64-54.12; P = 0.001), and 10-fold increase in cardiovascular hospitalization (HR 10.1; 95% CI 3.43-29.9; P < 0.0001). The 5-year mean survival was 302 days less than those with an MBFR >2.0 (95% CI 260.2-345.4 days; P < 0.0001). Microvascular CAV (adjusted HR 3.86; 95% CI 1.58-9.40; P = 0.003) was independently associated with an increased risk of death or retransplantation.CONCLUSIONS:
Abnormal myocardial blood flow reserve, even in the absence of epicardial CAV, identifies patients at a high risk of death or retransplantation. Measures of myocardial blood flow provide prognostic information in addition to traditional CAV assessment.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Coronary Artery Disease
/
Heart Transplantation
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
J Am Coll Cardiol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.jacc.2022.08.751
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