Nitric-oxide enriched plasma-activated water inactivates 229E coronavirus and alters antiviral response genes in human lung host cells
Bioactive Materials
; 19:569-580, 2023.
Article
in English
| Scopus | ID: covidwho-2242054
ABSTRACT
The ongoing pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is influencing global health. Moreover, there is a major threat of future coronaviruses affecting the entire world in a similar, or even more dreadful, manner. Therefore, effective and biocompatible therapeutic options against coronaviruses are urgently needed. To address this challenge, medical specialists require a well-informed and safe approach to treating human coronaviruses (HCoVs). Herein, an environmental friendly approach for viral inactivation, based on plasma technology, was considered. A microwave plasma system was employed for the generation of the high amount of gaseous nitric oxide to prepare nitric oxide enriched plasma-activated water (NO-PAW), the effects of which on coronaviruses, have not been reported to date. To determine these effects, alpha-HCoV-229E was used in an experimental model. We found that NO-PAW treatment effectively inhibited coronavirus infection in host lung cells, visualized by evaluating the cytopathic effect and expression level of spike proteins. Interestingly, NO-PAW showed minimal toxicity towards lung host cells, suggesting its potential for therapeutic application. Moreover, this new approach resulted in viral inactivation and greatly improved the gene levels involved in host antiviral responses. Together, our findings provide evidence of an initiation point for further progress toward the clinical development of antiviral treatments, including such coronaviruses. © 2022 The Authors
antiviral activity; Article; CC50 (cytotoxic concentration); cytopathogenic effect; cytotoxicity; EC50; flow cytometry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; gene expression; host cell; human; human cell; Human coronavirus 229E; immune response; immune response gene; immunocytochemistry; MRC-5 cell line; MTT assay; nitric oxide enriched plasma; plasma; polymerase chain reaction; protein expression; protein expression level; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TCID50; tissue culture; virus culture; virus inactivation; virus load; virus replication; Coronavirus; Microwave plasma; Nitric oxide enriched plasma-activated water
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
Scopus
Language:
English
Journal:
Bioactive Materials
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
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