Echelon analysis and its software for spatial lattice data

ABSTRACT

In this study, we explore the use of echelon analysis and its software named EcheScan for spatial lattice data. EcheScan is developed as a web application via an internet browser in R language and Shiny server for echelon analysis. The technique of echelon is proposed to analyze the topological structure for spatial lattice data. The echelon tree provides a dendrogram representation. Regional features, such as hierarchical spatial data structure and hotspots clusters, are shown in an echelon dendrogram. In addition, we introduce the conception of echelon with the values and neighbors for lattice data. We also explain the use of EcheScan for one- and two-dimensional regular lattice data. Furthermore, coronavirus disease 2019 death data corresponding to 50 US states are illustrated using EcheScan as an example of geospatial lattice data. This article is categorized under Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Exploratory Data Analysis Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Clustering and Classification Data Types and Structure > Image and Spatial Data. © 2022 The Authors. WIREs Computational Statistics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.