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Comparison of three dosing intervals for the primary vaccination of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine (BNT162b2) on magnitude, neutralization capacity and durability of the humoral immune response in health care workers: A prospective cohort study.
Leong, Darryl P; Zhang, Ali; Breznik, Jessica A; Clare, Rumi; Huynh, Angela; Mushtaha, Maha; Rangarajan, Sumathy; Stacey, Hannah; Kim, Paul Y; Loeb, Mark; Denburg, Judah A; Mertz, Dominik; Chagla, Zain; Nazy, Ishac; Miller, Matthew S; Bowdish, Dawn M E; Duong, MyLinh.
  • Leong DP; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Zhang A; Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Breznik JA; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Clare R; Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Huynh A; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Mushtaha M; Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Rangarajan S; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Stacey H; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Kim PY; McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Loeb M; McMaster Platelet Immunology Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Denburg JA; Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Mertz D; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Chagla Z; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Nazy I; McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Miller MS; Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Bowdish DME; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Duong M; Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One ; 18(2): e0281673, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2242601
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

The dosing interval of a primary vaccination series can significantly impact on vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. The current study compared 3 dosing intervals for the primary vaccination series of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, on humoral immune response and durability against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral and Beta variants up to 9 months post immunization.

METHODS:

Three groups of age- and sex-matched healthcare workers (HCW) who received 2 primary doses of BNT162b2 separated by 35-days, 35-42 days or >42-days were enrolled. Vaccine induced antibody titers at 3 weeks, 3 and 6-9 months post-second dose were assessed.

RESULTS:

There were 309 age- and sex-matched HCW (mean age 43 [sd 13], 58% females) enrolled. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding (IgG, IgM, IgA) and neutralizing antibody titers showed significant waning in levels beyond 35 days post first dose. The second dose induced a significant rise in antibody titers, which peaked at 3 weeks and then declined at variable rates across groups. The magnitude, consistency and durability of response was greater for anti-Spike than anti-RBD antibodies; and for IgG than IgA or IgM. Compared to the shorter schedules, a longer interval of >42 days offered the highest binding and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral and Beta (B1.351) variants beyond 3 months post-vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first comprehensive study to compare 3 dosing intervals for the primary vaccination of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine implemented in the real world. These findings suggest that delaying the second dose beyond 42 days can potentiate and prolong the humoral response against ancestral and Beta variants of SARS-CoV-2 up to 9 months post-vaccination.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0281673

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0281673