Comparison of clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in pregnant women between the Delta and Omicron variants of concern predominant periods
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
; 29(1):33-38, 2023.
Article
in English
| Scopus | ID: covidwho-2245184
ABSTRACT
Background:
Information regarding effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant strains on clinical manifestations and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women is limited.Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted using the data from the nationwide COVID-19 registry in Japan. We identified pregnant patients with symptomatic COVID-19 hospitalized during the study period. The Delta and Omicron variants of concern (VOC) predominant periods were defined as August 1 to December 31, 2021 and January 1 to May 31, 2022, respectively. Clinical characteristics were compared between the patients in the Delta and Omicron VOC periods. In addition, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19.Results:
During the study period, 310 symptomatic COVID-19 cases of pregnant women were identified;111 and 199 patients were hospitalized during the Delta and Omicron VOC periods, respectively. Runny nose and sore throat were more common, and fatigue, dysgeusia, and olfactory dysfunction were less common manifestations observed in the Omicron VOC period. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, onset during the later stage of pregnancy (OR 2.08 [1.24–3.71]) and onset during the Delta VOC period (OR 2.25 [1.08–4.90]) were independently associated with moderate-to-severe COVID-19, whereas two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were protective against developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19 (OR 0.34 [0.13–0.84]).Conclusions:
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women differed between the Delta and Omicron VOC periods. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was still effective in preventing severe COVID-19 throughout the Delta and Omicron VOC periods. © 2022 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases
COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnant Women; SARS-CoV-2; casirivimab plus imdevimab; nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir; remdesivir; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; sotrovimab; steroid; adult; Article; coronavirus disease 2019; disease severity; dysgeusia; fatigue; human; Japan; major clinical study; multivariate logistic regression analysis; observational study; odds ratio; pregnant woman; retrospective study; rhinorrhea; risk factor; SARS-CoV-2 Delta; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron; smelling disorder; sore throat; vaccination; variant of concern; pregnancy complication; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
Scopus
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Variants
Language:
English
Journal:
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
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