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Smoking enhances the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 involved in the efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
Suzuki, Rigel; Ono, Yuki; Noshita, Koji; Kim, Kwang Su; Ito, Hayato; Morioka, Yuhei; Tamura, Tomokazu; Okuzaki, Daisuke; Tagawa, Tetsuzo; Takenaka, Tomoyoshi; Yoshizumi, Tomoharu; Shimamura, Teppei; Iwami, Shingo; Fukuhara, Takasuke.
  • Suzuki R; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
  • Ono Y; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Noshita K; Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Kim KS; Plant Frontier Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Ito H; Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
  • Morioka Y; Department of Scientific Computing, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
  • Tamura T; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
  • Okuzaki D; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
  • Tagawa T; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
  • Takenaka T; Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
  • Yoshizumi T; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Shimamura T; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Iwami S; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Fukuhara T; Division of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Microbiol Immunol ; 2022 Oct 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2245555
ABSTRACT
Smoking is one of the risk factors most closely related to the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the relationship between smoking history and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectivity is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the ACE2 expression level in the lungs of current smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers. The ACE2 expression level of ex-smokers who smoked cigarettes until recently (cessation period shorter than 6 months) was higher than that of nonsmokers and ex-smokers with a long history of nonsmoking (cessation period longer than 6 months). We also showed that the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 infection was enhanced in a manner dependent on the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression level. Using RNA-seq analysis on the lungs of smokers, we identified that the expression of inflammatory signaling genes was correlated with ACE2 expression. Notably, with increasing duration of smoking cessation among ex-smokers, not only ACE2 expression level but also the expression levels of inflammatory signaling genes decreased. These results indicated that smoking enhances the expression levels of ACE2 and inflammatory signaling genes. Our data suggest that the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 infection is enhanced by smoking-mediated upregulation of ACE2 expression level.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1348-0421.13034

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1348-0421.13034