Low vitamin D levels predict outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospitalization.
Endocrine
; 80(3): 669-683, 2023 Jun.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2257090
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Low vitamin D in COVID-19 have been related to worse outcomes. However, most of the studies conducted so far were not-controlled and retrospective, including biases potentially influencing this association. We evaluated 25(OH)vitamin D levels of patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospital-admission, and in a cohort of control subjects. Moreover, we evaluated sACE-2 levels to investigate the mechanisms underlying the association between vitamin D and COVID-19.METHODS:
COVID-19 patients were enrolled in a matched for age, sex and comorbidities 11-ratio based on the presence/or not of respiratory-distress/severe-disease at hospital-admission. Control matched subjects were enrolled from an outpatient-setting.RESULTS:
Seventy-three COVID-19 patients (36 severe and 37 non-severe) and 30 control subjects were included. We observed a higher vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) prevalence in COVID-19 patients than control subjects (75% vs 43%). No differences were found regarding 25(OH)vitamin D and sACE-2 levels between patients with and without severe-disease at study entry. During the disease-course, in the severe group a life-threatening disease occurred in 17 patients (47.2%), and, in the non-severe group, a worsening disease occurred in 10 (27%). 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at admission, were negatively correlated with sACE-2 levels, and were lower in patients whose disease worsened as compared to those in whom it did not, independently from the disease severity at admission. In multivariate-analysis, lower 25(OH)vitamin D resulted as an independent risk factor for disease worsening.CONCLUSIONS:
25(OH)vitamin D levels at hospital-admission strongly predicted the occurrence of worsening outcomes in COVID-19 independently of the disease severity at presentation.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Vitamin D Deficiency
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Endocrine
Journal subject:
Endocrinology
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S12020-023-03331-9
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