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Islet Biology During COVID-19: Progress and Perspectives.
Dos Santos, Theodore; Galipeau, Maria; Schukarucha Gomes, Amanda; Greenberg, Marley; Larsen, Matthew; Lee, Daniel; Maghera, Jasmine; Mulchandani, Christina Marie; Patton, Megan; Perera, Ineli; Polishevska, Kateryna; Ramdass, Seeta; Shayeganpour, Kasra; Vafaeian, Kiano; Van Allen, Kyle; Wang, Yufeng; Weisz, Tom; Estall, Jennifer L; Mulvihill, Erin E; Screaton, Robert A.
  • Dos Santos T; Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Galipeau M; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Cardiometabolic Disease Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
  • Schukarucha Gomes A; Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Greenberg M; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Larsen M; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Lee D; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
  • Maghera J; Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Mulchandani CM; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Patton M; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Perera I; Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Polishevska K; Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Ramdass S; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Shayeganpour K; Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  • Vafaeian K; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Van Allen K; Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Wang Y; University Health Network, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Weisz T; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Estall JL; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Cardiometabolic Disease Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
  • Mulvihill EE; Energy Substrate Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Screaton RA; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: robert.screaton@sri.utoronto.ca.
Can J Diabetes ; 46(4): 419-427, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2257535
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant impact on research directions and productivity in the past 2 years. Despite these challenges, since 2020, more than 2,500 peer-reviewed articles have been published on pancreatic islet biology. These include updates on the roles of isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and incretin hormones in insulin secretion, as well as the discovery of inceptor and signalling by circulating RNAs. The year 2020 also brought advancements in in vivo and in vitro models, including a new transgenic mouse for assessing beta-cell proliferation, a "pancreas-on-a-chip" to study glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and successful genetic editing of primary human islet cells. Islet biologists evaluated the functionality of stem-cell-derived islet-like cells coated with semipermeable biomaterials to prevent autoimmune attack, revealing the importance of cell maturation after transplantation. Prompted by observations that COVID-19 symptoms can worsen for people with obesity or diabetes, researchers examined how islets are directly affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Herein, we highlight novel functional insights, technologies and therapeutic approaches that emerged between March 2020 and July 2021, written for both scientific and lay audiences. We also include a response to these advancements from patient stakeholders, to help lend a broader perspective to developments and challenges in islet research.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Islets of Langerhans / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Can J Diabetes Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jcjd.2021.11.002

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Islets of Langerhans / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Can J Diabetes Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jcjd.2021.11.002