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Long-Term Trajectory and Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers' Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: A 24 Month Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Fattori, Alice; Comotti, Anna; Mazzaracca, Sara; Consonni, Dario; Bordini, Lorenzo; Colombo, Elisa; Brambilla, Paolo; Bonzini, Matteo.
  • Fattori A; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Comotti A; Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Mazzaracca S; Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Consonni D; Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Bordini L; Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Colombo E; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Brambilla P; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
  • Bonzini M; Department of Pathophysiology and Trasplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health ; 20(5)2023 03 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2258835
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Research has shown the substantial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers' (HCWs) mental health, however, it mostly relies on data collected during the early stages of COVID-19. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term trajectory of HCWs' mental health and the associated risk factors.

METHODS:

a longitudinal cohort study was carried out in an Italian hospital. At Time 1 (July 2020-July 2021), 990 HCWs took part in the study and completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), and the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)questionnaire. McNemar's test measured changes in symptoms' trajectories, and random effects models evaluated risk factors associated with scores above the cut-off.

RESULTS:

310 HCWs participated to the follow-up evaluation (Time 2; July 2021-July 2022). At Time 2, scores above cut-offs were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than at Time 1 for all scales (23% vs. 48% for GHQ-12; 11% vs. 25% for IES-R; 15% vs. 23% for GAD-7). Risk factors for psychological impairment were being a nurse (IES-R OR 4.72, 95% CI 1.71-13.0; GAD-7 OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.44-7.17), a health assistant (IES-R OR 6.76, 95% CI 1.30-35.1), or having had an infected family member (GHQ-12 OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01-3.83). Compared to Time 1, gender and experience in COVID-19 units lost significance with psychological symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:

data over more than 24 months from the pandemic onset showed improvement of HCWs' mental health; our findings suggested the need to tailor and prioritize preventive actions towards healthcare workforce.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph20054586

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph20054586