Recent progress in immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children younger than 5 years.

ABSTRACT

Immunoprophylaxis refers to the strategy to enhance specific immunity of the body through artificial methods, which can be divided into active immunization (mainly vaccination) and passive immunization (including maternal vaccination). Vaccination is the most cost - effective measure to prevent and control the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19). Recently, the United States, Costa Rica and Australia have authorized use of the COVID - 19 vaccine for children down to 6 months of age. In real - world evaluation, maternal vaccination was associated with a substantial reduction in incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS - CoV - 2) infection, the risk of COVID - 19 related hospitalization and critical illness among infants younger than 6 months of age. Coupled with these advances in young children, it is possible to achieve the whole population coverage of SARS - CoV - 2 mmune prevention.Copyright © 2022 Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics. All rights reserved.