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The photolytic behavior of COVID-19 antivirals ribavirin in natural waters and the increased environmental risk.
Guo, Ziwei; He, Huan; Liu, Kunqian; Li, Zihui; Yang, Shicheng; Liao, Zhicheng; Lai, Chaochao; Ren, Xiaomin; Huang, Bin; Pan, Xuejun.
  • Guo Z; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • He H; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address: huanhe08@kust.edu.cn.
  • Liu K; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Li Z; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Yang S; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Liao Z; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Lai C; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Ren X; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
  • Huang B; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address: huangbin@kust.edu.cn.
  • Pan X; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China.
J Hazard Mater ; 452: 131320, 2023 06 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2261600
ABSTRACT
Increasing drug residues in aquatic environments have been caused by the abuse of antivirals since the global spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, whereas research on the photolytic mechanism, pathways and toxicity of these drugs is limited. The concentration of COVID-19 antivirals ribavirin in rivers has been reported to increase after the epidemic. Its photolytic behavior and environmental risk in actual waters such as wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, river water and lake water were first investigated in this study. Direct photolysis of ribavirin in these media was limited, but indirect photolysis was promoted in WWTP effluent and lake water by dissolved organic matter and NO3-. Identification of photolytic intermediates suggested that ribavirin was photolyzed mainly via C-N bond cleavage, splitting of the furan ring and oxidation of the hydroxyl group. Notably, the acute toxicity was increased after ribavirin photolysis owing to the higher toxicity of most of the products. Additionally, the overall toxicity was greater when ARB photolysis in WWTP effluent and lake water. These findings emphasize the necessity to concern about the toxicity of ribavirin transformation in natural waters, as well as to limit its usage and discharge.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Water Pollutants, Chemical / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Hazard Mater Journal subject: Environmental Health Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jhazmat.2023.131320

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Water Pollutants, Chemical / COVID-19 Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Hazard Mater Journal subject: Environmental Health Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jhazmat.2023.131320