2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Review on Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Clinical Trials in Vaccine Development

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease-2019, a viral disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified by the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), China, on January 7, 2020. This mysterious respiratory epidemic occurred in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019. A month after its outbreak in China, the World Health Organization (WHO) de-clared it as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) due to its severity and high transmission potential throughout the world, leading many nations to implement multiple lock-down sessions and strict social distancing measures. As of September 21, 2020, 30,675,675 active cases and 954,417 deaths had been reported worldwide. Intensive research is being carried out across the globe to identify precise diagnostic techniques and develop novel, effective vaccines against the virus. Herein, we elaborate on details of epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diag-nosis, prevention, and vaccine trials related to this pandemic.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.