Structure, anti-SARS-CoV-2, and anticoagulant effects of two sulfated galactans from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis.
Int J Biol Macromol
; 238: 124168, 2023 May 31.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2271375
ABSTRACT
The structure of the sulfated galactan from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis (BoSG) was originally proposed as a simple repeating disaccharide of alternating 4-linked α-galactopyranose (Galp) and 3-linked ß-Galp units with variable sulfation pattern. Abundance was estimated only for the α-Galp units one-third of 2,3-disulfation and one-third of 2-monosulfation. Here, we isolated again the same BoSG fractions from the anion-exchange chromatography, obtaining the same NMR profile of the first report. More careful NMR analysis led us to revise the structure. A more complex sulfation pattern was noted along with the occurrence of 4-linked α-3,6-anhydro-Galp (AnGalp) units. Interestingly, the more sulfated BoSG fraction showed slightly reduced in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities against both wild-type and delta variants, and significantly reduced anticoagulant activity. The BoSG fractions showed no cytotoxic effects. The reduction in both bioactivities is attributed to the presence of the AnGalp unit. Docking scores from computational simulations using BoSG disaccharide constructs on wild-type and delta S-proteins, and binding analysis through competitive SPR assays using blood (co)-factors (antithrombin, heparin cofactor II and thrombin) and four S-proteins (wild-type, delta, gamma, and omicron) strongly support the conclusion about the deleterious impact of the AnGalp unit.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Rhodophyta
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Int J Biol Macromol
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.ijbiomac.2023.124168
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS