ZnO-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor to Assess Vaccine-Induced Antibody-Mediated Immunity against Wild-Type and Gamma SARS-CoV-2 Strains.
Biosensors (Basel)
; 13(3)2023 Mar 11.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2274512
ABSTRACT
The evaluation of serological responses to COVID-19 is crucial for population-level surveillance, developing new vaccines, and evaluating the efficacy of different immunization programs. Research and development of point-of-care test technologies remain essential to improving immunity assessment, especially for SARS-CoV-2 variants that partially evade vaccine-induced immune responses. In this work, an impedimetric biosensor based on the immobilization of the recombinant trimeric wild-type spike protein (S protein) on zinc oxide nanorods (ZnONRs) was employed for serological evaluation. We successfully assessed its applicability using serum samples from spike-based COVID-19 vaccines ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech). Overall, the ZnONRs/ spike-modified electrode displayed accurate results for both vaccines, showing excellent potential as a tool for assessing and monitoring seroprevalence in the population. A refined outcome of this technology was achieved when the ZnO immunosensor was functionalized with the S protein from the P.1 linage (Gamma variant). Serological responses against samples from vaccinated individuals were acquired with excellent performance. Following studies based on traditional serological tests, the ZnONRs/spike immunosensor data reveal that ChAdOx1-S vaccinated individuals present significantly less antibody-mediated immunity against the Gamma variant than the BNT162b2 vaccine, highlighting the great potential of this point-of-care technology for evaluating vaccine-induced humoral immunity against different SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Zinc Oxide
/
Vaccines
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Bios13030371
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