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Genetic predisposition between coronavirus disease 2019 and rheumatic diseases: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Quan, Liuliu; Tan, Jiangshan; Hua, Lu; You, Xin.
  • Quan L; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
  • Tan J; Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College and National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
  • Hua L; Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College and National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
  • You X; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Int J Rheum Dis ; 26(4): 710-717, 2023 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2277267
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

The causalities between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the risk of rheumatic diseases remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal effect of COVID-19 on rheumatic disease occurrence.

METHODS:

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), acquired from published genome-wide association studies, were used to perform 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) on cases diagnosed with COVID-19 (n = 13 464), rheumatic diseases (n = 444 199), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, n = 15 872), gout (n = 69  374), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 3094), ankylosing spondylitis (n = 75 130), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC, n = 11 375) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (n = 95 046). Three MR methods were used in the analysis based on different heterogeneity and pleiotropy using the Bonferroni correction.

RESULTS:

The results revealed a causality between COVID-19 and rheumatic diseases with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.010 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.006-1.013; P = .014). In addition, we observed that COVID-19 was causally associated with an increased risk of JIA (OR 1.517; 95%CI, 1.144-2.011; P = .004), PBC (OR 1.370; 95%CI, 1.149-1.635; P = .005), but a decreased risk of SLE (OR 0.732; 95%CI, 0.590-0.908; P = .004). Using MR, 8 SNPs were identified to associate with COVID-19 and recognized as significant variables. None of them were previously reported in any other diseases.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first study to use MR to explore the impact of COVID-19 on rheumatic diseases. From a genetic perspective, we found that COVID-19 could increase the risk of rheumatic diseases, such as PBC and JIA, but decrease that of SLE, thereby suggesting a potential surge in the disease burden of PBC and JIA following the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Rheumatic Diseases / COVID-19 / Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Rheum Dis Journal subject: Rheumatology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1756-185X.14624

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Rheumatic Diseases / COVID-19 / Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Rheum Dis Journal subject: Rheumatology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 1756-185X.14624