Contribution to the Study of Adverse Events Following Vaccination against Covid-19 in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in Senegal: A Review of 367 Cases

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and post-immunisation adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination in chronic hemodialysis patients in Senegal and to assess the factors associated with their occurrence. Method(s) This was a cross-sectional, multicenter, descriptive and analytical study from 1 April to 1 July 2021 including all chronic hemodialysis patients in the targeted centers who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine and consented to participate in the study. Chronic hemodialysis patients unable to complete the questionnaire are not included. For each patient included, the following parameters were studied socio-demographic data, history and comorbidities and COVID-19 vaccination (type of vaccine, existence of side effects and their type, and time of occurrence). Result(s) Of 535 chronic hemodialysis patients surveyed, 367 were included, representing a prevalence of 68.6% of COVID-19 vaccination. The median age was 51 years with extremes of 20 and 100 years and a sex ratio of 1.08. The most representative age group was over 60 years with 30.3%. The median duration of dialysis was 44.5 months with an interquartile range of [25;73] and extremes of 3 and 183 months. Patients with less than 30 months on dialysis (31.9%) were more represented. Hypertensive nephropathy was the most frequent cause of chronic kidney disease. It was observed in 128 patients (34.9%). The AstraZeneca vaccine was the most widely administered vaccine (98.4%). Post-immunisation adverse events were noted in 52.6% of patients. They were dominated by local side effects (65.6%) followed by influenza-like illness (60.8%). Other side effects were digestive (11,1%), neurological (9%), otorhinolaryngological (5,3%) and cardiovascular (4,8%). No deaths were recorded. One case of post-vaccination cellulitis was noted. Coagulation of the extracorporeal circuit during the 4 sessions of hemodialysis following the vaccination, despite the anticoagulation of the latter, was observed in one patient. Side effects occurred mainly on the day after vaccination in 56% of patients. Age < 50 years, diabetes and anticoagulation were associated with post-immunisation adverse events in the bivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, age < 50 years was a risk factor and anticoagulation had a protective effect. Conclusion(s) Vaccination against COVID-19 is well tolerated in chronic hemodialysis patients. No conflict of interestCopyright © 2023