Comparing the Effects of Rocaglates on Energy Metabolism and Immune Modulation on Cells of the Human Immune System.
Int J Mol Sci
; 24(6)2023 Mar 20.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2280114
ABSTRACT
A promising new approach to broad spectrum antiviral drugs is the inhibition of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (elF4A), a DEAD-box RNA helicase that effectively reduces the replication of several pathogenic virus types. Beside the antipathogenic effect, modulation of a host enzyme activity could also have an impact on the immune system. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive study on the influence of elF4A inhibition with natural and synthetic rocaglates on various immune cells. The effect of the rocaglates zotatifin, silvestrol and CR-31-B (-), as well as the nonactive enantiomer CR-31-B (+), on the expression of surface markers, release of cytokines, proliferation, inflammatory mediators and metabolic activity in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MdMs), monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MdDCs), T cells and B cells was assessed. The inhibition of elF4A reduced the inflammatory potential and energy metabolism of M1 MdMs, whereas in M2 MdMs, drug-specific and less target-specific effects were observed. Rocaglate treatment also reduced the inflammatory potential of activated MdDCs by altering cytokine release. In T cells, the inhibition of elF4A impaired their activation by reducing the proliferation rate, expression of CD25 and cytokine release. The inhibition of elF4A further reduced B-cell proliferation, plasma cell formation and the release of immune globulins. In conclusion, the inhibition of the elF4A RNA helicase with rocaglates suppressed the function of M1 MdMs, MdDCs, T cells and B cells. This suggests that rocaglates, while inhibiting viral replication, may also suppress bystander tissue injury by the host immune system. Thus, dosing of rocaglates would need to be adjusted to prevent excessive immune suppression without reducing their antiviral activity.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Macrophages
/
Antineoplastic Agents
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Ijms24065872
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