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Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection increases risk of early postoperative cardiovascular complications following noncardiac surgery.
SenthilKumar, Gopika; Verhagen, Nathaniel B; Sheriff, Salma A; Yang, Xin; Figueroa Castro, Carlos E; Szabo, Aniko; Taylor, Brad W; Wainaina, Njeri; Lauer, Kathryn; Gould, Jon C; Kothari, Anai N.
  • SenthilKumar G; Department of Physiology and Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Verhagen NB; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Sheriff SA; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Yang X; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Figueroa Castro CE; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Szabo A; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Taylor BW; Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Wainaina N; Clinical and Translational Science Institute of Southeastern Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Lauer K; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Gould JC; Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
  • Kothari AN; Division of Minimally Invasive and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol ; 324(6): H721-H731, 2023 06 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2280528
ABSTRACT
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic progresses to an endemic phase, a greater number of patients with a history of COVID-19 will undergo surgery. Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACE) are the primary contributors to postoperative morbidity and mortality; however, studies assessing the relationship between a previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and postoperative MACE outcomes are limited. Here, we analyzed retrospective data from 457,804 patients within the N3C Data Enclave, the largest national, multi-institutional data set on COVID-19 in the United States. However, 7.4% of patients had a history of COVID-19 before surgery. When comorbidities, age, race, and risk of surgery were controlled, patients with preoperative COVID-19 had an increased risk for 30-day postoperative MACE. MACE risk was influenced by an interplay between COVID-19 disease severity and time between surgery and infection; in those with mild disease, MACE risk was not increased even among those undergoing surgery within 4 wk following infection. In those with moderate disease, risk for postoperative MACE was mitigated 8 wk after infection, whereas patients with severe disease continued to have elevated postoperative MACE risk even after waiting for 8 wk. Being fully vaccinated decreased the risk for postoperative MACE in both patients with no history of COVID-19 and in those with breakthrough COVID-19 infection. Together, our results suggest that a thorough assessment of the severity, vaccination status, and timing of SARS-CoV-2 infection must be a mandatory part of perioperative stratification.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With an increasing proportion of patients undergoing surgery with a prior history of COVID-19, it is crucial to understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on postoperative cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk. Our work assesses a large, national, multi-institutional cohort of patients to highlight that COVID-19 infection increases risk for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACE). MACE risk is influenced by an interplay between disease severity and time between infection and surgery, and full vaccination reduces the risk for 30-day postoperative MACE. These results highlight the importance of stratifying time-to-surgery guidelines based on disease severity.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Journal subject: Cardiology / Physiology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ajpheart.00097.2023

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Journal subject: Cardiology / Physiology Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ajpheart.00097.2023