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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and its current known unknowns: A narrative review.
Le, Trang Thi Bich; Vasanthakumaran, Tamilarasy; Thi Hien, Hau Nguyen; Hung, I-Chun; Luu, Mai Ngoc; Khan, Zeeshan Ali; An, Nguyen Thanh; Tran, Van Phu; Lee, Wei Jun; Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad; Ali, Tasnim; Dumre, Shyam Prakash; Huy, Nguyen Tien.
  • Le TTB; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Vasanthakumaran T; University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
  • Thi Hien HN; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Hung IC; Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Luu MN; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Khan ZA; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
  • An NT; Institue for Research and Training in Medicine, Biology and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
  • Tran VP; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Lee WJ; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Abdul Aziz JM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
  • Ali T; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Dumre SP; Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Huy NT; Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.
Rev Med Virol ; : e2398, 2022 Sep 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2284464
ABSTRACT
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has created great global distress. This variant of concern shows multiple sublineages, importantly B.1.1.529.1 (BA.1), BA.1 + R346K (BA.1.1), and B.1.1.529.2 (BA.2), each with unique properties. However, little is known about this new variant, specifically its sub-variants. A narrative review was conducted to summarise the latest findings on transmissibility, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and efficacy of current vaccines and treatments. Omicron has shown two times higher transmission rates than Delta and above ten times more infectious than other variants over a similar period. With more than 30 mutations in the spike protein's receptor-binding domain, there is reduced detection by conventional RT-PCR and rapid antigen tests. Moreover, the two-dose vaccine effectiveness against Delta and Omicron variants was found to be approximately 21%, suggesting an urgent need for a booster dose to prevent the possibility of breakthrough infections. However, the current vaccines remain highly efficacious against severe disease, hospitalisation, and mortality. Japanese preliminary lab data elucidated that the Omicron sublineage BA.2 shows a higher illness severity than BA.1. To date, the clinical management of Omicron remains unchanged, except for monoclonal antibodies. Thus far, only Bebtelovimab could sufficiently treat all three sub-variants of Omicron. Further studies are warranted to understand the complexity of Omicron and its sub-variants. Such research is necessary to improve the management and prevention of Omicron infection.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal: Rev Med Virol Journal subject: Virology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Rmv.2398

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study / Reviews Topics: Vaccines / Variants Language: English Journal: Rev Med Virol Journal subject: Virology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Rmv.2398