Neutrophil autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19: perspectives.
Autophagy
; : 1-10, 2022 Aug 11.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2288612
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial losses worldwide in people's lives, health, and property. Currently, COVID-19 is still prominent worldwide without any specific drug treatment. The SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is the cause of various systemic diseases, mainly acute pneumonia. Within the pathological process, neutrophils are recruited to infected sites, especially in the lungs, for the first stage of removing invading SARS-CoV-2 through a range of mechanisms. Macroautophagy/autophagy, a conserved autodegradation process in neutrophils, plays a crucial role in the neutrophil phagocytosis of pathogens. NETosis refers to neutrophil cell death, while auto-inflammatory factors and antigens release NETs. This review summarizes the latest research progress and provides an in-depth explanation of the underlying mechanisms of autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19. Furthermore, after exploring the relationship between autophagy and NETosis, we discuss potential targets and treatment options. This review keeps up with the latest research on COVID-19 from neutrophil autophagy and NETosis with a new perspective, which can guide the urgent development of antiviral drugs and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of COVID-19.Abbreviations AKT1 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase; AP autophagosome; ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome; ATG autophagy related; BECN1 beclin 1; cfDNA cell-free DNA; COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019; CQ chloroquine; DMVs double-membrane vesicles; ELANE/NE elastase, neutrophil expressed; F3 coagulation factor III, tissue factor; HCQ hydroxychloroquine; MAP1LC3/LC3 microtubule associated protein 1 light chain of 3; MPO myeloperoxidase; MTORC1 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; NETs neutrophil traps; NSP nonstructural protein; PI3K class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3K class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; ROS reactive oxygen species; SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SKP2 S-phase kinase associated protein 2; TCC terminal complement complex; ULK1 unc-51 like.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Language:
English
Journal:
Autophagy
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
15548627.2022.2099206
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