Effect of Lymphocyte Phenotypic Alterations on the Humoral Response to Vaccination Against SARS-COV-2 in Dialysis Patients.
Ann Lab Med
; 43(5): 451-460, 2023 09 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2298916
ABSTRACT
Background:
The response to vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) varies depending on comorbidities. This study evaluated the clinical and immunological factors affecting the humoral response of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to the BNT162b2 vaccine.Methods:
Humoral immunity was evaluated in 54 ESRD patients using serum levels of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), measured by a chemiluminescent immunoassay 30 (T1), 60 (T2), and 120 (T3) days after the second vaccine dose. The results were correlated to baseline patient T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations determined by flow cytometry.Results:
The proportion of seroconverted patients based on the NAb titer decreased from 83.3% at T1 to 53.7% at T3. Age was negatively correlated to the NAb titer at T1 and T2. Patients receiving hemodiafiltration had higher NAb titers at T3. Diabetes was associated with a lower response rate at T3. Univariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between the naïve CD4 T-lymphocyte population and RBD titer at T1 and the NAb titer at T3, with no association observed with naïve CD8 T lymphocytes. NAb titers at T3 were significantly correlated with late-differentiated CD4 T lymphocytes and terminally differentiated effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) CD8 T lymphocytes. RBD levels were positively correlated with naïve and memory B-lymphocyte counts at T3.Conclusions:
Age, diabetes, and hemodialysis prescription had significant impacts on the response to vaccination. T- and B-lymphocyte phenotypes are major determinants of the humoral response potency to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with BNT162b2 in patients with ESRD.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
/
Kidney Failure, Chronic
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Ann Lab Med
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Alm.2023.43.5.451
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