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Behavioral changes of preventive activities of influenza among children in satellite cities of a metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan, by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Matsuda, Ayako; Asayama, Kei; Obara, Taku; Yagi, Naoto; Ohkubo, Takayoshi.
  • Matsuda A; Center for Health Informatics policy, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-Shi, 351-0197, Saitama, Japan. matsuda.a.yk@niph.go.jp.
  • Asayama K; Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Obara T; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan.
  • Yagi N; Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
  • Ohkubo T; Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
BMC Public Health ; 23(1): 727, 2023 04 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2299738
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

In children in a metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan, behavioral change and influenza infection associated with the frequency of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI) was assessed from the 2018-2019 season (Preseason) and the 2020-2021 season (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] season).

METHODS:

We conducted an exclusive survey among children attending preschool, elementary school, and junior high school in the Toda and Warabi regions, Japan, during the 2018-2019 (Preseason, distributed via mail) and 2020-2021 seasons (COVID-19 season, conducted online). The proportion of preventive activities (hand washing, face mask-wearing, and vaccination) was compared in the Preseason with that of the COVID-19 season. The multivariate logistic regression model was further applied to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for influenza infection associated with NPI frequency (hand washing and face mask wearing) in each Preseason and COVID-19 season.

RESULTS:

The proportion of vaccinated children who carried out hand washing and face mask wearing was remarkably higher during the COVID-19 season (48.8%) than in the Preseason (18.2%). A significant influenza infection reduction was observed among children who washed hands and wore face masks simultaneously (AOR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.99; P = 0.033).

CONCLUSIONS:

A strong interest and performance in the intensive measures for the prevention of influenza under the COVID-19 pandemic was demonstrated. Positive association was observed from a combination of NPI, hand washing, and face mask-wearing and influenza infection. This study's findings could help in activities or preventive measures against influenza and other communicable diseases in children.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-023-15606-x

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza, Human / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-023-15606-x